OVERVIEW
Crimea is having land connectivity with Ukraine not Russia and also all pipelines of Gas,water are connected with Ukraine .
In March 2014, a referendum was held in Crimea in which the results were that people want to join Crimea with Russia.
From the international community point of view, Russia annexed Crimean Peninsula but as considering Russian Point of view, it didn't annex.
Historical Background
Ukraine was under Russian control for 400 years,
But Crimea was under Ottoman Empire,
During a war in 1783 Crimea was lost by Ottoman Empire and became a part of Russia.
Crimean War ,which happened in 1853-1856 in which Russia fought with Ottomans+France+Britain in which Russia lost.
Following Russian Revolution in 1917,as USSR was formed , Crimea became a part of USSR.
Police and Military, so the Army and protesters started becoming more violent, so to save his life Victor Yanukovych leaves Ukraine and went Ukraine.
Interim Government was set up in Ukraine and this government signed a Peace agreement with European Union on 21 st February in which EU have to give Ukraine money in return economic reforms will be seen.
Interim Government banned Russian language.
Putin said " Its an illegal coup"
Because Victor Yanukovch was a democritically elected president and to remove him is against principles democracy.
After Victor Yanukovch went Russia , Some Russian backed protestors attacked Crimean Parliament and removed the old Prime Minister by legal means and a new Prime Minister of Crimea was appointed.
The new Prime Minister of Crimea asked Russia for assistance in maintaining peace and security of Crimea.
Masked soldiers without any insignia were send in Crimea so that the identity of soldiers does not get revealed and this can't be known that which country it belongs to and, within few days soldiers tool control over military bases , administrative buildings in Crimea.
The new Prime Minister called for referendum which was either to join Russia or remain independent.
The referendum had a turnout of 83% , in which
96.7% of the voter turnout was in favour of joining Russian Federation.
On 18 March 2014 , Crimea joins Russian Federation.
In eastern Ukraine , separatist protests were held by Russian people living in Eastern Ukraine.
In August 2014 - In Eastern Ukraine Fighting between Ukrainian Government Forces and militias was aided by tanks , guns , missiles which were given by Russian Army.
A ceasefire was signed in September 2014 by New President of Ukraine 'Petro Poroshenko' in Minsk,Belarus.
During a war in 1783 Crimea was lost by Ottoman Empire and became a part of Russia.
Crimean War ,which happened in 1853-1856 in which Russia fought with Ottomans+France+Britain in which Russia lost.
Following Russian Revolution in 1917,as USSR was formed , Crimea became a part of USSR.
Atrocities by Stalin
- In 1924 ,Stalin became the leader of USSR.Because of his collectivisation policies , a famine in 1932 and 1933 killed around 5 million Ukrainians.
- After World War 2 , Crimean Tatars (ancestors of Mongolians) who were at least 35% of the total population was forcefully deported to Uzbekistan.
- Russians were moved to Crimea.
- When USSR was broken in 1991, Ukraine gained independence , and Crimea also said that they want independence but after some negotiations they became Autonomy.
4 Years before Annexation
Victor Yanukovych was elected as Ukraine president in 2010 , Ukraine at that time was going to sign a deal with European Union which would benefit Ukraine financially in future, but at the last minute President of Ukraine refused to sign which lead to several protests , instead Ukraine signed a multi-billion dollar deal with Russia, by this people became more angry and more people joined protests. These also known as Euromaidan Protests. To suppress the protests, President of Ukraine usedPolice and Military, so the Army and protesters started becoming more violent, so to save his life Victor Yanukovych leaves Ukraine and went Ukraine.
Interim Government was set up in Ukraine and this government signed a Peace agreement with European Union on 21 st February in which EU have to give Ukraine money in return economic reforms will be seen.
Interim Government banned Russian language.
Putin said " Its an illegal coup"
Because Victor Yanukovch was a democritically elected president and to remove him is against principles democracy.
After Victor Yanukovch went Russia , Some Russian backed protestors attacked Crimean Parliament and removed the old Prime Minister by legal means and a new Prime Minister of Crimea was appointed.
The new Prime Minister of Crimea asked Russia for assistance in maintaining peace and security of Crimea.
Military Intervention of Russia in Crimea
Masked soldiers without any insignia were send in Crimea so that the identity of soldiers does not get revealed and this can't be known that which country it belongs to and, within few days soldiers tool control over military bases , administrative buildings in Crimea.
The new Prime Minister called for referendum which was either to join Russia or remain independent.
The results of referendum
On March 16,2014 the results were declared which were-:The referendum had a turnout of 83% , in which
96.7% of the voter turnout was in favour of joining Russian Federation.
On 18 March 2014 , Crimea joins Russian Federation.
Aftermath
- US,UK and other NATO countries imposed sanctions on Russia targeting its economy.
- G8 countries kicked Russia out of G8, hence it became G7.
Unrest in Eastern Ukraine
In August 2014 - In Eastern Ukraine Fighting between Ukrainian Government Forces and militias was aided by tanks , guns , missiles which were given by Russian Army.
A ceasefire was signed in September 2014 by New President of Ukraine 'Petro Poroshenko' in Minsk,Belarus.
Why Russia is so interested in Crimea?
- Strategic Location - South side of Crimea gives access to Black Sea
- Sevastopol port in Crimea- It is a warm water port and rented by Russia which means water is never freezed in this port so it is accessible 12 months in a year , and as Black Sea Fleet of Russian Navy which consists of 50% of the total Russian Navy is stationed at Sevastopol and Ukraine said it will not give Sevastopol port again on rent.
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